Which two major issues typically arise at a putrefaction site?

The correct choice highlights the two significant problems commonly encountered at a putrefaction site: horrific odor and insect activity.

When decomposition occurs, various biological processes lead to the release of gases and volatile compounds, which contribute to the strong and unpleasant odors associated with putrefaction. These odors can serve as signals to insects, attracting them to the site. Insects, particularly flies in the family Calliphoridae, play a crucial role in the decomposition process by laying their eggs on the decaying matter. As larvae hatch and feed on the tissue, they can significantly affect both the decomposition process and the surrounding environment.

These two issues—horrific odor and insect activity—are closely linked and pose challenges for cleanup and restoration efforts. While other options may present concerns in different contexts, they do not directly capture the most pressing issues typically faced specifically at a putrefaction site.